Petronel

The petronel was a 16th- and 17th-century black-powder muzzle-loading firearm, defined by Robert Barret (Theorike and Practike of Modern Warres, 1598) as a "horsemans peece". It was the muzzle-loading firearm, which developed on the one hand into the pistol and on the other into the carbine. The name (French petrinel or poitrinal) was given to the weapon either because it was fired with the butt resting against the chest (French: poitrine, Latin: pectus) or it was carried slung from a belt across the chest. Petronels may have either matchlock or wheellock mechanisms. The sclopus was the prototype of the petronel. The petronel is a compromise between the harquebus and the pistol. Early petronels, with a crude buttstock, date back to the end of the 14th century. Generally, the touch hole is on the right side, and fired by a separate slow match. Sometimes, petronels had small hinged plate-covers to protect the priming from moisture. By extension, the term "petronel" came to characterise the type of light cavalry that employed the firearm. The petronel (cavalryman) was used to support the heavy cavalry, such as demi-lancers and cuirassiers. The petronel was succeeded by a similarly armed cavalryman called the harquebusier.

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